![]() īelow the tendinous unit is the iliopectineal bursa (aka iliopsoas bursa, which separates the tendon from the bone surface and the proximal portion of the femur. Small fibers that make the iliac muscle, known as the infratrochanteric muscle, lie lateral to the iliac muscle, widening its contact surface to the iliac bone. The muscle bundles of the iliac muscle merge into the large psoas muscle tendon and the lesser trochanter. Its bundles (together with the major psoas muscle bundles) pass under the inguinal ligament and in front of the hip joint. The iliacus muscle has a fan shape and originates from the upper two-thirds of the iliac fossa and the lateral parts of the sacral bone wing. The iliopsoas musculotendinous unit is part of the inner muscles of the hip and forms part of the posterior abdominal wall, lying posteriorly at the retroperitoneum level. The iliopsoas musculotendinous unit consists of three muscles : iliacus, psoas major, psoas minor The psoas minor muscle participates in the flexion of the trunk and can stretch the iliac fascia. The psoas major acts as a stabilizer of the femoral head in the hip acetabulum in the first 15 degrees of movement. The iliacus muscle stabilizes the pelvis and allows a correct hip flexion during the run the psoas major muscle stabilizes the lumbar spine during the sitting position and the thigh flexion in a supine position or when standing. If the latter is fixed, the contraction of the iliopsoas muscle flexes the trunk and inclines it from the contraction side. The iliopsoas musculotendinous unit (IPMU) is the primary flexor of the thigh with the ability to add and extra-rotate the coxofemoral joint. ![]() With the current scientific knowledge, one can not imagine anatomy as segments but rather as a functional continuum. There are multiple anatomical variations of IPMU, and in case of pain and disturbances, it is important to perform instrumental examinations before making a precise diagnosis. To solve these dysfunctions, the doctor will indicate which therapy will be most useful, conservative or surgical, as well as physiotherapy or an osteopathic approach. Several disorders can affect IPMU at the level of its insertion (tendon) or involving the fleshy part. The fascia covering the iliopsoas muscle creates multiple fascial connections, relating the muscle to different viscera and muscle areas. It is essential for correct standing or sitting lumbar posture, stabilizing the coxofemoral joint, and is crucial during walking and running. This complex muscle system can function as a unit or intervene as separate muscles. The major and minor psoas muscles and the iliacus muscle make up the iliopsoas musculotendinous unit (IPMU). ![]()
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